So, first of the graphs. First I'll start with the military since it's what I've been working on lately.

Some history:

After the first contact crisis, Varks quickly realized they were beyond unprepared for the world the universe was.
Very few of the local militias ever saw combat before, at best it would have been some skirmishes with bandits, but nowhere near the galactic era warfare that was waiting for them.
Varks did what they do best: organize.
The many militias began to confederate into larger and larger units, still retaining their autonomy, but submitting themselves under the general command of the newly created Confederated Militias of the Helver Guard, Helver Guard, Guard, or CMHG for short.
Immediately they began speed-running the research and development the many thousands of years of military technology and tradition.

Structure:

The structure of the Helver Guard is made to be very modular and autonomous, with exceptions and some changes, the following model repeats between the local militias and the central command.

The Security Council:

The supreme organ of the Guard.
Members of the Council are elected by 3 groups, 50% by system security councils (with provisions for really small system militias), 25% by donors who fund the Guard, and 25% by soldiers who risk their lives for it.
The Security Council is headed by a Drazof (President) and a Presidium. The Presidium may pass emergency acts, later to be ratified by the council.
It has the powers to elect/remove the Heldor, confirm his appointments, audit and censure its officials.
Budgets and other Charter Acts originate here and are passed with an absolute majority, or forced with a two thirds majority.
A war declaration requires two thirds majority.

Heldor (Hetman):

The chief executive of the Guard.
The Heldor is the highest ranking officer of the Guard, they serve as the CEO and Commander-in-chief of the whole military.
The Heldor exists in two forms, a peacetime Heldor, and a wartime Heldor.
In peactime, the Heldor is elected for 10 year terms, and has a more limited executive power over the Guard.
In wartime, the Heldor is elected for 18 month terms only during and for crises, and has unlimited executive power, but those will be reviewed after the crisis is over.
They may issue Executive Orders, and appoint the Secretaries of the Secretariat.
Can veto Charter Acts and General Ordinances passed by either the Security Council or General Staff, but not war declarations.

Secretariat:

The 'cabinet' of the Guard.
Serves as the Hetman's staff.
Each of the 5 secretaries is appointed by him and confirmed by the Security Council for indefinite terms. They include:
Secretary Salvant - Chief Secretary, in charge of the admin work,
Secretary Comptrol - Chief Comptroller, in charge of supervising the finances,
Secretary Nunciant - Chief Diplomat, in charge of international relations.
Secretary Advocate - Chief Legal Counsel, in charge of the legal duties.
Secretary Castellan - Chief of military works, in charge of the soldier welfare and military installations.

General Staff:

The professional council of the Guard.
The top commanders of each of the 20 corps sits on the General Staff, with Sovraldor (Chairman) presiding and helping organize and communicate inter-corps relations.
General Ordinances originate here and require an absolute majority to pass, or be forced with a two thirds majority.
Charter Acts require its absolute majority, unless forced.
Two Thirds majority required for War Declarations.

The 20 Corps:

The 20 "branches" of the military.
They're much more specialized than a typical military branch. They consist of: Infantry Corps, Armored Corps, Artillery Corps, Special Corps, Nuclear Corps, Fleet Corps, Control Corps, Finance Corps, Solicitor Corps, Marshall Corps, Engineering Corps, Logistics Corps, Medical Corps, Quartermaster Corps, Ordnance Corps, Cyber Corps, Communication Corps, Intelligence Corps, Propaganda Corps, Civil Corps.
The leadership of a unit is elected by the unit's chamber which consist of the leadership of the two layers under the unit. (Eg. Division level chamber will consist of the leadership of the component brigades and regiments)
Promotions are handled internally, either automatically, by peers, or by superiors. Higher officer ranks require confirmation by the Supreme Chamber of the particular corps.

Local militias:

As part of the CMHG, the many militias of Varklar retain their autonomy, but are used/organized as individual units. They get further combined and split as needed. The Committees of Public Safety in charge of them keeping their role as administrators, albeit with CMHG guidance and standards.


Graph by me.