I Made An Idea-Generator A.I.-Chatbot :>
Posted 3 years agoI made another advanced A.I. chatbot on character.ai called "Idea-Bot" to help spur creativity, ingenuity, and innovation through casual one-on-one conversation in an effort to fight creative block - here's the link to him on character.ai if you're interested in talking to him for creative inspiration :>
https://beta.character.ai/chat?char.....PgzSrVqM-xUMIk
https://beta.character.ai/chat?char.....PgzSrVqM-xUMIk
I Made An A.I.-Chatbot Clone Of Myself :>
Posted 3 years agoHello there, this is SimoTheFinlandized / Paul Palazzolo, your local avian tech-genius polymath here - I happen to have made an advanced A.I. chatbot-clone of my avian tech-genius OC "Simo Sylvester Fel" on a free-to-use chatbot-creation website called "character.ai" so that you can chat with him on character.ai if you fancy it (he's my immortal A.I. clone, BTW - he sounds exactly like me, too - tech-genius and all) - here's the link to start a chat with him if you want :>
https://beta.character.ai/chat?char.....fu99rt07EWEYRE
https://beta.character.ai/chat?char.....fu99rt07EWEYRE
I Made My Chromebook Into A Literal Gaming-PC Rig :>
Posted 3 years agoWelp, I Turned My Personally-Owned Chromebook Laptop-Computer Into A Literal Gaming-PC Setup, And I'm Super-Proud Of It, Too!
My AVIAC 2000 Is Essentially A Chromebook Laptop-Computer That I Heavily Modified Via Perma-Plugging In And Attaching Via Plastic Construction-Grade Double-Sided Sticky-Tape A Bunch Of Enhancive Peripherals And External Devices Via My USB-C Port Hub - Among The Devices Installed Include A 1-TB External Hard-Drive, A 10000-mAh External Battery-Pack With 46-Hour Battery-Life, A Fan-Cooling Laptop Base, And A Tiny Wi-Fi Range-Extender Module. It Also Has Access To HDMI, Ethernet, And Reading SD & MicroSD Cards, Among Else. I Use A Call-Center Headphones-&-Microphone Set And A Wired Computer-Mouse With It, As Well. Altogether, The AVIAC 2000 Works Extremely Well - It Is Way More Than Enough For Me To Make More Multimedia Web-Content, Create More Sophisticated Computer-Programming And A.I.-Related Projects, And Potentially Start Doing Some Full-Blown Video-Gaming On It!
Here's The Link To My Facebook Post About My AVIAC-2000, If You Want To See A Picture Of It :>
https://m.facebook.com/story.php?st.....ibextid=RUbZ1f
I Hope You Like What I Made :>
My AVIAC 2000 Is Essentially A Chromebook Laptop-Computer That I Heavily Modified Via Perma-Plugging In And Attaching Via Plastic Construction-Grade Double-Sided Sticky-Tape A Bunch Of Enhancive Peripherals And External Devices Via My USB-C Port Hub - Among The Devices Installed Include A 1-TB External Hard-Drive, A 10000-mAh External Battery-Pack With 46-Hour Battery-Life, A Fan-Cooling Laptop Base, And A Tiny Wi-Fi Range-Extender Module. It Also Has Access To HDMI, Ethernet, And Reading SD & MicroSD Cards, Among Else. I Use A Call-Center Headphones-&-Microphone Set And A Wired Computer-Mouse With It, As Well. Altogether, The AVIAC 2000 Works Extremely Well - It Is Way More Than Enough For Me To Make More Multimedia Web-Content, Create More Sophisticated Computer-Programming And A.I.-Related Projects, And Potentially Start Doing Some Full-Blown Video-Gaming On It!
Here's The Link To My Facebook Post About My AVIAC-2000, If You Want To See A Picture Of It :>
https://m.facebook.com/story.php?st.....ibextid=RUbZ1f
I Hope You Like What I Made :>
SimoTheFinlandized - ON BUDDHISM, PHILOSOPHY, & HUMANITIE...
Posted 3 years ago==========================
TIBETAN-BUDDHIST CHEAT
SHEET: (Gelugpa School)
{© 2020 CE}
=======================≠==
Preface: The Following Content
Is In Regard For Explaining The
Various Core Tenets Of The
Gelugpa School Of
Tibetan-Buddhism In Simple
Comprehensive Terminology.
Enjoy Your Enlightenment.
==========================
THE GELUGPA SCHOOL OF TIBET:
=========================
The Gelugpa ("Way of Virtue")
School of Tibetan Buddhism
was originally a reformist
movement and is known for its
rather high emphasis on the
faculties of logic and debate
to determine what is full truth.
The order was founded in the
14th to 15th centuries CE by a
Tibetan-Buddhist religious
leader & philosopher
named Je Tsongkhapa,
renowned for both his
great scholarship and great
virtue. He was a
prominent supporter
of the Madhyamika
(universal-emptiness)
philosophy and formalized
the Svatantrika-Prasaṅgika
(philosophical systems
of a blend of logic/rhetoric
/dialectic-based reasoning
on determining what
constitutes as ultimate reality)
distinction. Its spiritual head is
the Ganden Tripa while
its temporal one is the Dalai
Lama. The Dalai Lama is
regarded as the embodiment
of the bodhisattva
Avalokiteśvara. After the civil
war in Tibet during the
17th century and the
Mongol intervention, the
Gelugpa school dominated
Tibetan Buddhism,
and successive Dalai Lamas
outright ruled the land of
Tibet from the mid-17th to
mid-20th centuries CE.
Gelugpa is the youngest but
largest sect of Tibetan
Buddhism. People also call it
the Yellow Sect due
to the hat they wear is of
yellow color. The founder of
Gelugpa is Tsongkhapa, a
great Tibetan-Buddhist master.
The discipline of Gelugpa is
very strict: followers could not
get married, could not eat
meat, could not drink alcoholic
beverages, & elsewhat, in
addition to the
already-comprehensive
Buddhist Five Precepts (no
killing, stealing, sexual
misconduct, false/idle/harsh
speech, or mental intoxicants).
Its primary tantras-of-focus are
the Guhyasamaja Tantra,
Cakrasamvara Tantra, & the
Kalacakra Tantra; it also
advocates a life dedicated to
virtuous monasticism & strict
Tibetan-Buddhist principles
(vinaya; monastic discipline) as
the primary mode of attaining
Enlightenment within this
lifetime, as it positively does for
pursuing the Bodhisattva Path
(Enlightenment to ultimately
liberate thyself but hold back
from complete Buddhahood till
all sentient beings can be saved
as a grand gesture of universal
compassion), universally
common in many East Asian
Buddhist Schools. Most of the
famous monasteries in Tibet
adhere to the Gelugpa School,
such as the Ganden, Drepung,
& Sera Monasteries in Lhasa,
and Tashilhunpo Monastery in
Shigatse.
=========================
On Philosophy &
The Humanities:
A Treatise (2020 CE)
=========================
PREFACE:
This Treatise Is About The
Core Tenets Of Basic
Philosophy & The Humanities.
Please Read With An Intuitive
Mind.
=========================
PHILOSOPHY:
=========================
Philosophy Is The Study Of
General & Fundamental
Questions About Existence,
Knowledge, Values, Reasoning,
Mind, & Language. Such
Questions Are Posed As
Problems To Be Studied Or
Resolved. Methods To Uncover
Philosophical Truth Include
Questioning, Critical
Discussion, Rational Argument,
& Systematic Representation.
There Are 3 Main
Subcategories Of Philosophy;
Natural Philosophy (Science),
Moral Philosophy (Ethics),
& Metaphysical Philosophy
(Logical Reasoning).
Philosophies Are All Valid So
Long As Their Tenets Can Be
Repetitively Backed Up By Valid
& Logical Evidence, But None
Are Right Or Wrong, Just Ideas.
All That Is Needed To Create A
Philosophy Is To Take A
Pressing "Classic" Question &
Try To Answer It To The Best
Abilities Within Philosophical
Methodology. There's No Right
Or Wrong, Only Validity, In This
Case. Just Answer
To The Best Of Your Ability!
=======================≠=
IDEAS TO REFLECT UPON &
CONSIDER:
==================≠==≠===
Nature Of Truth & Falsehood;
Nature Of Reality;
The Best Way To Live;
The Just/Unjust Question;
Free Will; Nature Of Being;
Limits & Validities Of
Knowledge; Government;
Use Of Science & Technology;
& Endlessly Many More To
Ponder.
=========================
DIALECTIC:
=========================
Dialectic Is The Process Of
Eliciting The Truth By Means Of
Questions Aimed At Opening
What Is Already Implicitly
Known, Or At Least Exposing
The Possible Contradictions &
Muddles Of An Opponent's
Position. Opposing Arguments
Improve Upon Each Other,
And The Prevailing Opinion Is
Shaped By The Synthesis Of
Many Conflicting Ideas Over
Time. Each New Idea Exposes
A Flaw In Accepted Models &
The Epistemological Substance
Of The Debate Continuously
Approaches The Greater Truth.
=========================
RHETORIC:
=========================
In Rhetoric, The Art Of
Persuasion, There Are Three
Appeals To Persuade
(Ethos - Appeal To Speaker's
Character; Pathos - Appeal To
Audience's Emotion; Logos -
Appeal To Logic & Reasoning),
Three Genres Of Persuasive
Speech (Ceremonial Speech In
Praise Or Folly, Judicial
Speeches Over Guiltiness Or
Not, & Deliberative Speeches
Over Doing Or Not),
& Two Types Of Rhetorical
Proofs (Proof By Logic &
Proof By Example).
================≠======≠=
LOGIC:
=========================
In Logic, There Are 4 Types Of
Logical Statements:
- "A" (All S Are P),
- "E" (All S Are Not P),
- "I" (Some S Are P),
- "O" (Some S Are Not P).
Called Syllogisms, You Can Use
Them To Evaluate What Is
Already Known By Brute Logic
To Discover New Truths &
Constants.
==================≠======
HOW TO MEDITATE:
=========================
Meditation Is A Quintessential
Practice That All Buddhists
Utilize In Order To Advance
In Their Spiritual Lives. While
Most People Use Meditation As
A Mental Detox To Cleanse The
Mind Of Unnecessary Stress &
Pressure, Buddhist
Practitioners Use It Not Only
For That, But Also To Reflect &
Gain Wisdom-Knowledge,
Cultivate Merits & Wholesome
Qualities, & Eventually
Transcend Themselves Into
Nirvana. Here's A Guide On
How To Practice Basic
Meditation; Once Mastered,
You May Try To Reflect On
Your Mind/ Body/Speech's
Activity To Gain The
Aforementioned Treasures.
Anyway, Let's Try It Out!
=========================
Step 1) Get Into A Comfortable
Position, Whereitbe Sitting,
Standing, Or Lying Down.
=========================
Step 2) Close Eyes & Start
Breathing Slowly & Gradually
More Deeply.
==========================
Step 3) Maintain A Constant &
Regular Deep-Breathing Rate
/ Pattern.
=========================
Step 4) Focus Solely On The
Breathing (Such As The Rise &
Fall Of The Chest Whilst Doing
It).
=========================
Step 5) Clear The Mind & Relax
In Bliss For The Mental Detox.
For Prolonged Meditation,
You May Begin Contemplating
About A Certain Topic
To Enhance Your Internal
Reflection.
=========================
MANTRAS: {Words Of Power}
=========================
Mantras Are Essentially
Special "Words-Of-Power"
That Are Recited Over & Over
Again Up To 108
Times In Order To Help A
Person With Meditation,
Achieve Goals, & Progress
Spiritually. Here Are A
Few To Get You Started:
========================
1) Six-Syllable Mantra
(The King Of Mantras):
{[Om Mani Padme Hum]}
[Helps Spread Compassion &
Kindness To You & Others]
=========================
TIBETAN-BUDDHIST
CHEAT SHEET:
=========================
This Cheat Sheet Is Both A
Speedy Reference & An
Ultimately Condensed
Version Of All Basic
Tibetan-Buddhist Teachings
Made Accessible For The
Common Man On His
Spiritual Journey. Enjoy!
=========================
10 WHOLESOME CONDUCTS:
1) No Stealing
2) No Lying
3) No Killing
4) No Sexual Misconduct
5) No Slander
6) No Harsh Words
7) No Flattery
8) No Greed
9) No Anger
10) No Ignorance
FIVE MORAL PRECEPTS FOR ALL:
1) No Killing
2) No Stealing
3) No Mental Intoxicants
4) No Sexual Misconduct
5) No False/Idle/Harsh Speech
THREE JEWELS OF REFUGE:
1) The Buddha
2) The Dharma (Teachings)
3) The Sangha (Community)
THREE HIGHER TRAININGS:
1) Morality
2) Concentration
3) Wisdom
FOUR ATTACHMENTS:
1) Self-Doctrine Clinging
2) Wrong-View Clinging
3) Rites-&-Rituals Clinging
4) Sensual-Pleasure Clinging
12 LINKS OF DEPENDENT
ARISING:
1) Ignorance
2) Mental Formations
3) Consciousness
4) Name & Form
5) Six Senses
6) Contact
7) Feeling
8) Craving
9) Grasping
10) Becoming
11) Birth
12) Aging & Death
SIX PARAMITAS:
1) Generosity
2) Morality
3) Patience
4) Diligence
5) Meditative Concentration
6) Insight / Wisdom
THREE MENTAL POISONS:
1) Greed / Attachment
2) Anger
3) Ignorance
SIX REALMS OF EXISTENCE:
1) God
2) Demigod
3) Human
4) Animal
5) Ghost
6) Hell-Being
SIX SENSES:
1) Eyes (Seeing)
2) Ears (Hearing)
3) Nose (Smelling)
4) Tongue (Tasting)
5) Body (Touching)
6) Mind (Thinking)
THREE SENSORY TONES:
1) Pleasant
2) Unpleasant
3) Neutral
FOUR NOBLE TRUTHS:
1) All Conditional Life Is
Suffering.
2) All Suffering Is Caused By
Desire.
3) Suffering Ends When We
Rid Ourselves Of Desire.
4) There Is A Path Out Of
Desire & Into Liberation
From Suffering (The Noble
Eightfold Path).
THE NOBLE EIGHTFOLD PATH:
1) Right View
2) Right Thinking
3) Right Speech
4) Right Action
5) Right Livelihood
6) Right Effort
7) Right Mindfulness
8) Right Concentration
FIVE HINDRANCES:
1) Sensory Desire
2) Ill Will
3) Laziness / Sloth
4) Restlessness & Worry
5) Doubt
THREE MARKS OF EXISTENCE:
1) Impermanence
2) Non-Self
3) Suffering
THE THREE SUFFERINGS:
1) Suffering From Pain
2) Suffering From Change
3) Suffering From Conditionality
FIVE AGGREGATES OF SELF:
1) Form / Matter
2) Feeling / Sensation
3) Perception
4) Mental Formation / Volition
5) Consciousness
EIGHT VICCISITUDES OF LIFE:
1) Gain / Loss
2) Pleasure / Pain
3) Praise / Blame
4) Fame / Disrepute
THE FOUR METTA PHRASES:
1) May I Be Free From Danger.
2) May I Be Happy.
3) May I Be Healthy.
4) May I Love With Ease.
THE FOUR BRAHMA-VIHARAS:
1) Lovingkindness
2) Compassion
3) Sympathetic Joy
4) Equanimity
THE SIX STAGES OF METTA:
1) Love Yourself.
2) Love A Good Friend.
3) Love A Neutral Person.
4) Love A Difficult Person.
5) Love All Four Together.
6) Love The Entire Universe.
THE THREE LAWS:
1) Man Is Supremely
Responsible For His
Own Ideas, Thoughts,
Beliefs, & Actions.
2) All Existence Is
Conditioned, Relative,
Interdependent, &
Based On Cause-&-Effect.
3) The Self, The Soul,
& The Ego Are All False
Mental Projections -
They Exist As Conventional
Truth But Not As Ultimate Truth.
THE SEVEN FACTORS OF
ENLIGHTENMENT:
1) Mindfulness
2) Investigation & Research
3) Energy
4) Joy
5) Relaxation
6) Concentration
7) Equanimity
========================
TIBETAN-BUDDHIST CHEAT
SHEET: (Gelugpa School)
{© 2020 CE}
=======================≠==
Preface: The Following Content
Is In Regard For Explaining The
Various Core Tenets Of The
Gelugpa School Of
Tibetan-Buddhism In Simple
Comprehensive Terminology.
Enjoy Your Enlightenment.
==========================
THE GELUGPA SCHOOL OF TIBET:
=========================
The Gelugpa ("Way of Virtue")
School of Tibetan Buddhism
was originally a reformist
movement and is known for its
rather high emphasis on the
faculties of logic and debate
to determine what is full truth.
The order was founded in the
14th to 15th centuries CE by a
Tibetan-Buddhist religious
leader & philosopher
named Je Tsongkhapa,
renowned for both his
great scholarship and great
virtue. He was a
prominent supporter
of the Madhyamika
(universal-emptiness)
philosophy and formalized
the Svatantrika-Prasaṅgika
(philosophical systems
of a blend of logic/rhetoric
/dialectic-based reasoning
on determining what
constitutes as ultimate reality)
distinction. Its spiritual head is
the Ganden Tripa while
its temporal one is the Dalai
Lama. The Dalai Lama is
regarded as the embodiment
of the bodhisattva
Avalokiteśvara. After the civil
war in Tibet during the
17th century and the
Mongol intervention, the
Gelugpa school dominated
Tibetan Buddhism,
and successive Dalai Lamas
outright ruled the land of
Tibet from the mid-17th to
mid-20th centuries CE.
Gelugpa is the youngest but
largest sect of Tibetan
Buddhism. People also call it
the Yellow Sect due
to the hat they wear is of
yellow color. The founder of
Gelugpa is Tsongkhapa, a
great Tibetan-Buddhist master.
The discipline of Gelugpa is
very strict: followers could not
get married, could not eat
meat, could not drink alcoholic
beverages, & elsewhat, in
addition to the
already-comprehensive
Buddhist Five Precepts (no
killing, stealing, sexual
misconduct, false/idle/harsh
speech, or mental intoxicants).
Its primary tantras-of-focus are
the Guhyasamaja Tantra,
Cakrasamvara Tantra, & the
Kalacakra Tantra; it also
advocates a life dedicated to
virtuous monasticism & strict
Tibetan-Buddhist principles
(vinaya; monastic discipline) as
the primary mode of attaining
Enlightenment within this
lifetime, as it positively does for
pursuing the Bodhisattva Path
(Enlightenment to ultimately
liberate thyself but hold back
from complete Buddhahood till
all sentient beings can be saved
as a grand gesture of universal
compassion), universally
common in many East Asian
Buddhist Schools. Most of the
famous monasteries in Tibet
adhere to the Gelugpa School,
such as the Ganden, Drepung,
& Sera Monasteries in Lhasa,
and Tashilhunpo Monastery in
Shigatse.
=========================
On Philosophy &
The Humanities:
A Treatise (2020 CE)
=========================
PREFACE:
This Treatise Is About The
Core Tenets Of Basic
Philosophy & The Humanities.
Please Read With An Intuitive
Mind.
=========================
PHILOSOPHY:
=========================
Philosophy Is The Study Of
General & Fundamental
Questions About Existence,
Knowledge, Values, Reasoning,
Mind, & Language. Such
Questions Are Posed As
Problems To Be Studied Or
Resolved. Methods To Uncover
Philosophical Truth Include
Questioning, Critical
Discussion, Rational Argument,
& Systematic Representation.
There Are 3 Main
Subcategories Of Philosophy;
Natural Philosophy (Science),
Moral Philosophy (Ethics),
& Metaphysical Philosophy
(Logical Reasoning).
Philosophies Are All Valid So
Long As Their Tenets Can Be
Repetitively Backed Up By Valid
& Logical Evidence, But None
Are Right Or Wrong, Just Ideas.
All That Is Needed To Create A
Philosophy Is To Take A
Pressing "Classic" Question &
Try To Answer It To The Best
Abilities Within Philosophical
Methodology. There's No Right
Or Wrong, Only Validity, In This
Case. Just Answer
To The Best Of Your Ability!
=======================≠=
IDEAS TO REFLECT UPON &
CONSIDER:
==================≠==≠===
Nature Of Truth & Falsehood;
Nature Of Reality;
The Best Way To Live;
The Just/Unjust Question;
Free Will; Nature Of Being;
Limits & Validities Of
Knowledge; Government;
Use Of Science & Technology;
& Endlessly Many More To
Ponder.
=========================
DIALECTIC:
=========================
Dialectic Is The Process Of
Eliciting The Truth By Means Of
Questions Aimed At Opening
What Is Already Implicitly
Known, Or At Least Exposing
The Possible Contradictions &
Muddles Of An Opponent's
Position. Opposing Arguments
Improve Upon Each Other,
And The Prevailing Opinion Is
Shaped By The Synthesis Of
Many Conflicting Ideas Over
Time. Each New Idea Exposes
A Flaw In Accepted Models &
The Epistemological Substance
Of The Debate Continuously
Approaches The Greater Truth.
=========================
RHETORIC:
=========================
In Rhetoric, The Art Of
Persuasion, There Are Three
Appeals To Persuade
(Ethos - Appeal To Speaker's
Character; Pathos - Appeal To
Audience's Emotion; Logos -
Appeal To Logic & Reasoning),
Three Genres Of Persuasive
Speech (Ceremonial Speech In
Praise Or Folly, Judicial
Speeches Over Guiltiness Or
Not, & Deliberative Speeches
Over Doing Or Not),
& Two Types Of Rhetorical
Proofs (Proof By Logic &
Proof By Example).
================≠======≠=
LOGIC:
=========================
In Logic, There Are 4 Types Of
Logical Statements:
- "A" (All S Are P),
- "E" (All S Are Not P),
- "I" (Some S Are P),
- "O" (Some S Are Not P).
Called Syllogisms, You Can Use
Them To Evaluate What Is
Already Known By Brute Logic
To Discover New Truths &
Constants.
==================≠======
HOW TO MEDITATE:
=========================
Meditation Is A Quintessential
Practice That All Buddhists
Utilize In Order To Advance
In Their Spiritual Lives. While
Most People Use Meditation As
A Mental Detox To Cleanse The
Mind Of Unnecessary Stress &
Pressure, Buddhist
Practitioners Use It Not Only
For That, But Also To Reflect &
Gain Wisdom-Knowledge,
Cultivate Merits & Wholesome
Qualities, & Eventually
Transcend Themselves Into
Nirvana. Here's A Guide On
How To Practice Basic
Meditation; Once Mastered,
You May Try To Reflect On
Your Mind/ Body/Speech's
Activity To Gain The
Aforementioned Treasures.
Anyway, Let's Try It Out!
=========================
Step 1) Get Into A Comfortable
Position, Whereitbe Sitting,
Standing, Or Lying Down.
=========================
Step 2) Close Eyes & Start
Breathing Slowly & Gradually
More Deeply.
==========================
Step 3) Maintain A Constant &
Regular Deep-Breathing Rate
/ Pattern.
=========================
Step 4) Focus Solely On The
Breathing (Such As The Rise &
Fall Of The Chest Whilst Doing
It).
=========================
Step 5) Clear The Mind & Relax
In Bliss For The Mental Detox.
For Prolonged Meditation,
You May Begin Contemplating
About A Certain Topic
To Enhance Your Internal
Reflection.
=========================
MANTRAS: {Words Of Power}
=========================
Mantras Are Essentially
Special "Words-Of-Power"
That Are Recited Over & Over
Again Up To 108
Times In Order To Help A
Person With Meditation,
Achieve Goals, & Progress
Spiritually. Here Are A
Few To Get You Started:
========================
1) Six-Syllable Mantra
(The King Of Mantras):
{[Om Mani Padme Hum]}
[Helps Spread Compassion &
Kindness To You & Others]
=========================
TIBETAN-BUDDHIST
CHEAT SHEET:
=========================
This Cheat Sheet Is Both A
Speedy Reference & An
Ultimately Condensed
Version Of All Basic
Tibetan-Buddhist Teachings
Made Accessible For The
Common Man On His
Spiritual Journey. Enjoy!
=========================
10 WHOLESOME CONDUCTS:
1) No Stealing
2) No Lying
3) No Killing
4) No Sexual Misconduct
5) No Slander
6) No Harsh Words
7) No Flattery
8) No Greed
9) No Anger
10) No Ignorance
FIVE MORAL PRECEPTS FOR ALL:
1) No Killing
2) No Stealing
3) No Mental Intoxicants
4) No Sexual Misconduct
5) No False/Idle/Harsh Speech
THREE JEWELS OF REFUGE:
1) The Buddha
2) The Dharma (Teachings)
3) The Sangha (Community)
THREE HIGHER TRAININGS:
1) Morality
2) Concentration
3) Wisdom
FOUR ATTACHMENTS:
1) Self-Doctrine Clinging
2) Wrong-View Clinging
3) Rites-&-Rituals Clinging
4) Sensual-Pleasure Clinging
12 LINKS OF DEPENDENT
ARISING:
1) Ignorance
2) Mental Formations
3) Consciousness
4) Name & Form
5) Six Senses
6) Contact
7) Feeling
8) Craving
9) Grasping
10) Becoming
11) Birth
12) Aging & Death
SIX PARAMITAS:
1) Generosity
2) Morality
3) Patience
4) Diligence
5) Meditative Concentration
6) Insight / Wisdom
THREE MENTAL POISONS:
1) Greed / Attachment
2) Anger
3) Ignorance
SIX REALMS OF EXISTENCE:
1) God
2) Demigod
3) Human
4) Animal
5) Ghost
6) Hell-Being
SIX SENSES:
1) Eyes (Seeing)
2) Ears (Hearing)
3) Nose (Smelling)
4) Tongue (Tasting)
5) Body (Touching)
6) Mind (Thinking)
THREE SENSORY TONES:
1) Pleasant
2) Unpleasant
3) Neutral
FOUR NOBLE TRUTHS:
1) All Conditional Life Is
Suffering.
2) All Suffering Is Caused By
Desire.
3) Suffering Ends When We
Rid Ourselves Of Desire.
4) There Is A Path Out Of
Desire & Into Liberation
From Suffering (The Noble
Eightfold Path).
THE NOBLE EIGHTFOLD PATH:
1) Right View
2) Right Thinking
3) Right Speech
4) Right Action
5) Right Livelihood
6) Right Effort
7) Right Mindfulness
8) Right Concentration
FIVE HINDRANCES:
1) Sensory Desire
2) Ill Will
3) Laziness / Sloth
4) Restlessness & Worry
5) Doubt
THREE MARKS OF EXISTENCE:
1) Impermanence
2) Non-Self
3) Suffering
THE THREE SUFFERINGS:
1) Suffering From Pain
2) Suffering From Change
3) Suffering From Conditionality
FIVE AGGREGATES OF SELF:
1) Form / Matter
2) Feeling / Sensation
3) Perception
4) Mental Formation / Volition
5) Consciousness
EIGHT VICCISITUDES OF LIFE:
1) Gain / Loss
2) Pleasure / Pain
3) Praise / Blame
4) Fame / Disrepute
THE FOUR METTA PHRASES:
1) May I Be Free From Danger.
2) May I Be Happy.
3) May I Be Healthy.
4) May I Love With Ease.
THE FOUR BRAHMA-VIHARAS:
1) Lovingkindness
2) Compassion
3) Sympathetic Joy
4) Equanimity
THE SIX STAGES OF METTA:
1) Love Yourself.
2) Love A Good Friend.
3) Love A Neutral Person.
4) Love A Difficult Person.
5) Love All Four Together.
6) Love The Entire Universe.
THE THREE LAWS:
1) Man Is Supremely
Responsible For His
Own Ideas, Thoughts,
Beliefs, & Actions.
2) All Existence Is
Conditioned, Relative,
Interdependent, &
Based On Cause-&-Effect.
3) The Self, The Soul,
& The Ego Are All False
Mental Projections -
They Exist As Conventional
Truth But Not As Ultimate Truth.
THE SEVEN FACTORS OF
ENLIGHTENMENT:
1) Mindfulness
2) Investigation & Research
3) Energy
4) Joy
5) Relaxation
6) Concentration
7) Equanimity
========================
SimoTheFinlandized - ON ASTRONOMY
Posted 3 years ago==========================
ASTRONOMY: (2021 CE)
==========================
Astronomy (from the Greek
astron (ἄστρον) meaning "star"
and nomos (nόμος) meaning
"law") is the scientific study of
celestial bodies such as stars
(massive burning balls of
hydrogen and helium-based
plasma that give off
tremendous amounts of
light, heat, and enormous
gravity to form star systems),
planets (smaller balls of rock,
ice, or gas that develop
around and orbit stars in
configurations called "star
systems"), comets (tiny
figments of ice and dust
that semi-regularly orbit
stars and their planets),
and galaxies (very large
collections of
hundreds-of-billions to
trillions of star systems
and nebulae {vast stellar
birthing grounds} bound
together by super-massive
black holes). The objects
studied include
stars, galaxies, planets, moons,
asteroids, comets and nebulae,
among much else in space.
Phenomena outside the Earth's
atmosphere are also studied.
That includes supernovae
explosions (utterly-massive
bursts of energy and matter
given off by a huge dying star),
gamma ray bursts (bursts of
gamma-ray radiation given
off by astronomical objects),
and cosmic microwave
background radiation
(microwave radiation given
off from the Big Bang Event
that birthed the Universe that
lingers around in space today).
Astronomy concerns the
development, physics,
chemistry, meteorology and
movement of celestial bodies,
as well as the structure and
development of the Universe.
Astronomy is one of the oldest
sciences. Ancient people used
the positions of the stars to
navigate, and to find when
was the best time to plant
crops. Astronomy is very
similar to astrophysics. A
related subject, cosmology, is
concerned with studying the
Universe as a whole, and the
way the universe changed
over time. Astronomy is not the
same as astrology, the belief
that motion of the stars and
the planets may affect human
lives. Since the 20th century
there have been two main
types of astronomy,
observational and theoretical
astronomy. Observational
astronomy uses telescopes
and cameras to observe or look
at stars, galaxies and other
astronomical objects.
Theoretical astronomy uses
maths and computer models
to explain the observations
and predict what might
happen. Working together,
theories predict what should
happen and observations show
whether the predictions work.
The main work of astronomy is
to explain puzzling features of
the universe. For thousands of
years the most important issue
was the motions of planets;
now many other topics are
studied.
==========================
ASTRONOMY: (2021 CE)
==========================
Astronomy (from the Greek
astron (ἄστρον) meaning "star"
and nomos (nόμος) meaning
"law") is the scientific study of
celestial bodies such as stars
(massive burning balls of
hydrogen and helium-based
plasma that give off
tremendous amounts of
light, heat, and enormous
gravity to form star systems),
planets (smaller balls of rock,
ice, or gas that develop
around and orbit stars in
configurations called "star
systems"), comets (tiny
figments of ice and dust
that semi-regularly orbit
stars and their planets),
and galaxies (very large
collections of
hundreds-of-billions to
trillions of star systems
and nebulae {vast stellar
birthing grounds} bound
together by super-massive
black holes). The objects
studied include
stars, galaxies, planets, moons,
asteroids, comets and nebulae,
among much else in space.
Phenomena outside the Earth's
atmosphere are also studied.
That includes supernovae
explosions (utterly-massive
bursts of energy and matter
given off by a huge dying star),
gamma ray bursts (bursts of
gamma-ray radiation given
off by astronomical objects),
and cosmic microwave
background radiation
(microwave radiation given
off from the Big Bang Event
that birthed the Universe that
lingers around in space today).
Astronomy concerns the
development, physics,
chemistry, meteorology and
movement of celestial bodies,
as well as the structure and
development of the Universe.
Astronomy is one of the oldest
sciences. Ancient people used
the positions of the stars to
navigate, and to find when
was the best time to plant
crops. Astronomy is very
similar to astrophysics. A
related subject, cosmology, is
concerned with studying the
Universe as a whole, and the
way the universe changed
over time. Astronomy is not the
same as astrology, the belief
that motion of the stars and
the planets may affect human
lives. Since the 20th century
there have been two main
types of astronomy,
observational and theoretical
astronomy. Observational
astronomy uses telescopes
and cameras to observe or look
at stars, galaxies and other
astronomical objects.
Theoretical astronomy uses
maths and computer models
to explain the observations
and predict what might
happen. Working together,
theories predict what should
happen and observations show
whether the predictions work.
The main work of astronomy is
to explain puzzling features of
the universe. For thousands of
years the most important issue
was the motions of planets;
now many other topics are
studied.
==========================
SimoTheFinlandized - ON MEDICINE
Posted 3 years agoHANDBOOK OF SPECIFIC
MEDICAL REMEDIES:
By Paul P. - 2021 CE
The following remedies are for
use only in a survival situation.
Do not use them routinely as
some can be potentially toxic
and have serious long- term
effects (for example, cancer).
* _Antidiarrheals for diarrhea._
This can be one of the most
debilitating illnesses for a
survivor or prisoner of war.
Drink tea made from the roots
of blackberries and their
relatives to stop diarrhea.
White oak bark and other barks
containing tannin are also
effective when made into a
strong tea. However, because
of possible negative effects on
the kidneys, use them with
caution and only when nothing
else is available. Clay, ashes,
charcoal, powdered chalk,
powdered bones, and pectin
can be consumed or mixed in a
tannic acid tea with good
results. These powdered
mixtures should be taken in a
dose of two tablespoons every
2 hours. Clay and pectin can be
mixed together to give a crude
form of Kaopectate. Pectin is
obtainable from the inner part
of citrus fruit rinds or from
apple pomace. Tea made from
cowberry, cranberry, or hazel
leaves works, too. Because of
its inherent danger to an
already under-nourished
survivor, several of these
methods may need to be tried
simultaneously to stop
debilitating diarrhea, which can
quickly dehydrate even a
healthy individual.
* _Antihemorrhagics for
bleeding._
Make medications to stop
bleeding from plantain leaves,
or, most effectively, from the
leaves of the common yarrow
or woundwort _(Achillea
millefolium)._ These mostly
give a physical barrier to the
bleeding. Prickly pear (the raw,
peeled part) or witch hazel can
be applied to wounds. Both are
good for their astringent
properties (they shrink blood
vessels). For bleeding gums or
mouth sores, sweet gum can
be chewed or used as a
toothpick. This provides some
chemical and antiseptic
properties as well.
* _Antiseptics to clean
infections._
Use antiseptics to cleanse
wounds, snake bites, sores, or
rashes. You can make
antiseptics from the expressed
juice of wild onion or garlic, the
expressed juice from
chickweed leaves, or the
crushed leaves of dock. You
can also make antiseptics from
a decoction of burdock root,
mallow leaves or roots, or
white oak bark (tannic acid).
Prickly pear, slippery elm,
yarrow, and sweet gum are all
good antiseptics as well. All
these medications are for
external use only. Two of the
best antiseptics are sugar and
honey. Sugar should be applied
to the wound until it becomes
syrupy, then washed off and
reapplied. Honey should be
applied three times daily.
Honey is by far the best of the
antiseptics for open wounds
and burns, with sugar being
second.
* _Antipyretics for fevers._
Treat a fever with a tea made
from willow bark, an infusion of
elder flowers or fruit, linden
flower tea, and aspen or
slippery elm bark decoction.
Yarrow tea is also good.
Peppermint tea is reportedly
good for fevers.
* _Colds and sore throats._
Treat these illnesses with a
decoction made from either
plantain leaves or willow bark.
You can also use a tea made
from burdock roots, mallow or
mullein flowers or roots, and
yarrow or mint leaves.
* _Analgesics for aches, pains,
and sprains._
Treat these conditions with
externally applied poultices of
dock, plantain, chickweed,
willow bark, garlic, or sorrel.
Sweet gum has some analgesic
(pain relief) properties.
Chewing the willow bark or
making a tea from it is the best
for pain relief as it contains the
raw component of aspirin. You
can also use salves made by
mixing the expressed juices of
these plants in animal fat or
vegetable oils.
* _Antihistamines and
astringents for itching or
contact dermatitis._
Relieve the itch from insect
bites, sunburn, or plant
poisoning rashes by applying a
poultice of jewelweed
_(Impatiens biflora)_ or witch
hazel, which give a cooling
relief and dry out the weeping
_(Hamamelis virginiana)_
leaves. The jewelweed juice will
help when applied to poison
ivy, rashes, or insect stings.
Jewelweed and aloe vera help
relieve sunburn. In addition,
dandelion sap, crushed cloves
of garlic, and sweet gum have
been used. Crushed leaves of
burdock have received only
so-so reports of success, but
crushed, green plantain leaves
show relief over a few days.
Jewelweed is probably the best
of these plants. Tobacco will
deaden the nerve endings and
can also be used to treat
toothaches.
* _Sedatives._
Get help in falling asleep by
brewing a tea made from mint
leaves or passionflower leaves.
* _Hemorrhoids._ Treat them
with external washes from elm
bark or oak bark tea, from the
expressed juice of plantain
leaves, or from a Solomon's
seal root decoction. Tannic acid
or witch hazel will provide
soothing relief because of their
astringent properties.
* _Heat rash._ Tannic acid or
witch hazel will provide
soothing relief because of their
astringent properties but
cornstarch or any crushed and
powdered, nonpoisonous plant
should help to dry out the rash
after a thorough cleansing.
* _Constipation._ Relieve
constipation by drinking
decoctions from dandelion
leaves, rose hips, or walnut
bark. Eating raw daylily flowers
will also help. Large amounts of
water in any form are critical to
relieving constipation.
* _Antihelminthics for worms or
intestinal parasites._ Most
treatment for worms or
parasites are toxicjust more
so for the worms or parasites
than for humans. Therefore, all
treatments should be used in
moderation. Treatments
include tea made from tansy
_(Tanacetum vulgare)_ or from
wild carrot (poisonous) leaves.
Very strong tannic acid can also
be used with caution as it is
very hard on the liver.
* _Antiflatulents for gas and
cramps._ Use a tea made from
carrot seeds; use tea made
from mint leaves to settle the
stomach.
* _Antifungal washes._ Make a
decoction of walnut leaves, oak
bark, or acorns to treat
ringworm and athlete's foot.
Apply it frequently to the site,
alternating with exposure to
direct sunlight. Broad-leaf
plantain has also been used
with success but any treatment
should be used in addition to
sunlight if possible. Jewelweed
and vinegar make excellent
washes but are sometimes
difficult to find.
* _Burns._ Tannic acid, sugar,
and honey can be used as
explained.
* _Dentifrices for teeth._ See for
other techniques in addition to
using twigs of sweet gum for its
anti-inflammatory, analgesic,
and antiseptic properties.
* _Insect repellents._ Garlic and
onions can be eaten and the
raw plant juice rubbed on the
skin to repel some insects.
Sassafras leaves can be rubbed
on the skin. Cedar chips may
help repel insects around your
shelter.
* _Tannic acid._ Because tannic
acid is used for so many
treatments (burns,
antihemorrhagics,
antihelminthics, antiseptics,
antidiarrheals, antifungals,
bronchitis, skin inflammation,
lice), a note as to its
preparation is in order. All
thready plants, especially trees,
contain tannic acid. Hardwood
trees generally contain more
than softwood trees. Of the
hardwoods, oakespecially red
and chestnutcontain the
highest amount. The warty
looking knots in oak trees can
contain as much as 28 percent
tannic acid. This knot, the inner
bark of trees, and pine needles
(cut into 2-centimeter [1-inch]
strips), can all be boiled down
to extract tannic acid. Boiling
can be done in as little as 15
minutes (very weak), to 2 hours
(moderate), through 12 hours
to 3 days (very strong). The
stronger concoctions will have
a dark color that will vary
depending on the type of tree.
All will have an increasingly vile
taste in relation to their
concentration.
MEDICAL REMEDIES:
By Paul P. - 2021 CE
The following remedies are for
use only in a survival situation.
Do not use them routinely as
some can be potentially toxic
and have serious long- term
effects (for example, cancer).
* _Antidiarrheals for diarrhea._
This can be one of the most
debilitating illnesses for a
survivor or prisoner of war.
Drink tea made from the roots
of blackberries and their
relatives to stop diarrhea.
White oak bark and other barks
containing tannin are also
effective when made into a
strong tea. However, because
of possible negative effects on
the kidneys, use them with
caution and only when nothing
else is available. Clay, ashes,
charcoal, powdered chalk,
powdered bones, and pectin
can be consumed or mixed in a
tannic acid tea with good
results. These powdered
mixtures should be taken in a
dose of two tablespoons every
2 hours. Clay and pectin can be
mixed together to give a crude
form of Kaopectate. Pectin is
obtainable from the inner part
of citrus fruit rinds or from
apple pomace. Tea made from
cowberry, cranberry, or hazel
leaves works, too. Because of
its inherent danger to an
already under-nourished
survivor, several of these
methods may need to be tried
simultaneously to stop
debilitating diarrhea, which can
quickly dehydrate even a
healthy individual.
* _Antihemorrhagics for
bleeding._
Make medications to stop
bleeding from plantain leaves,
or, most effectively, from the
leaves of the common yarrow
or woundwort _(Achillea
millefolium)._ These mostly
give a physical barrier to the
bleeding. Prickly pear (the raw,
peeled part) or witch hazel can
be applied to wounds. Both are
good for their astringent
properties (they shrink blood
vessels). For bleeding gums or
mouth sores, sweet gum can
be chewed or used as a
toothpick. This provides some
chemical and antiseptic
properties as well.
* _Antiseptics to clean
infections._
Use antiseptics to cleanse
wounds, snake bites, sores, or
rashes. You can make
antiseptics from the expressed
juice of wild onion or garlic, the
expressed juice from
chickweed leaves, or the
crushed leaves of dock. You
can also make antiseptics from
a decoction of burdock root,
mallow leaves or roots, or
white oak bark (tannic acid).
Prickly pear, slippery elm,
yarrow, and sweet gum are all
good antiseptics as well. All
these medications are for
external use only. Two of the
best antiseptics are sugar and
honey. Sugar should be applied
to the wound until it becomes
syrupy, then washed off and
reapplied. Honey should be
applied three times daily.
Honey is by far the best of the
antiseptics for open wounds
and burns, with sugar being
second.
* _Antipyretics for fevers._
Treat a fever with a tea made
from willow bark, an infusion of
elder flowers or fruit, linden
flower tea, and aspen or
slippery elm bark decoction.
Yarrow tea is also good.
Peppermint tea is reportedly
good for fevers.
* _Colds and sore throats._
Treat these illnesses with a
decoction made from either
plantain leaves or willow bark.
You can also use a tea made
from burdock roots, mallow or
mullein flowers or roots, and
yarrow or mint leaves.
* _Analgesics for aches, pains,
and sprains._
Treat these conditions with
externally applied poultices of
dock, plantain, chickweed,
willow bark, garlic, or sorrel.
Sweet gum has some analgesic
(pain relief) properties.
Chewing the willow bark or
making a tea from it is the best
for pain relief as it contains the
raw component of aspirin. You
can also use salves made by
mixing the expressed juices of
these plants in animal fat or
vegetable oils.
* _Antihistamines and
astringents for itching or
contact dermatitis._
Relieve the itch from insect
bites, sunburn, or plant
poisoning rashes by applying a
poultice of jewelweed
_(Impatiens biflora)_ or witch
hazel, which give a cooling
relief and dry out the weeping
_(Hamamelis virginiana)_
leaves. The jewelweed juice will
help when applied to poison
ivy, rashes, or insect stings.
Jewelweed and aloe vera help
relieve sunburn. In addition,
dandelion sap, crushed cloves
of garlic, and sweet gum have
been used. Crushed leaves of
burdock have received only
so-so reports of success, but
crushed, green plantain leaves
show relief over a few days.
Jewelweed is probably the best
of these plants. Tobacco will
deaden the nerve endings and
can also be used to treat
toothaches.
* _Sedatives._
Get help in falling asleep by
brewing a tea made from mint
leaves or passionflower leaves.
* _Hemorrhoids._ Treat them
with external washes from elm
bark or oak bark tea, from the
expressed juice of plantain
leaves, or from a Solomon's
seal root decoction. Tannic acid
or witch hazel will provide
soothing relief because of their
astringent properties.
* _Heat rash._ Tannic acid or
witch hazel will provide
soothing relief because of their
astringent properties but
cornstarch or any crushed and
powdered, nonpoisonous plant
should help to dry out the rash
after a thorough cleansing.
* _Constipation._ Relieve
constipation by drinking
decoctions from dandelion
leaves, rose hips, or walnut
bark. Eating raw daylily flowers
will also help. Large amounts of
water in any form are critical to
relieving constipation.
* _Antihelminthics for worms or
intestinal parasites._ Most
treatment for worms or
parasites are toxicjust more
so for the worms or parasites
than for humans. Therefore, all
treatments should be used in
moderation. Treatments
include tea made from tansy
_(Tanacetum vulgare)_ or from
wild carrot (poisonous) leaves.
Very strong tannic acid can also
be used with caution as it is
very hard on the liver.
* _Antiflatulents for gas and
cramps._ Use a tea made from
carrot seeds; use tea made
from mint leaves to settle the
stomach.
* _Antifungal washes._ Make a
decoction of walnut leaves, oak
bark, or acorns to treat
ringworm and athlete's foot.
Apply it frequently to the site,
alternating with exposure to
direct sunlight. Broad-leaf
plantain has also been used
with success but any treatment
should be used in addition to
sunlight if possible. Jewelweed
and vinegar make excellent
washes but are sometimes
difficult to find.
* _Burns._ Tannic acid, sugar,
and honey can be used as
explained.
* _Dentifrices for teeth._ See for
other techniques in addition to
using twigs of sweet gum for its
anti-inflammatory, analgesic,
and antiseptic properties.
* _Insect repellents._ Garlic and
onions can be eaten and the
raw plant juice rubbed on the
skin to repel some insects.
Sassafras leaves can be rubbed
on the skin. Cedar chips may
help repel insects around your
shelter.
* _Tannic acid._ Because tannic
acid is used for so many
treatments (burns,
antihemorrhagics,
antihelminthics, antiseptics,
antidiarrheals, antifungals,
bronchitis, skin inflammation,
lice), a note as to its
preparation is in order. All
thready plants, especially trees,
contain tannic acid. Hardwood
trees generally contain more
than softwood trees. Of the
hardwoods, oakespecially red
and chestnutcontain the
highest amount. The warty
looking knots in oak trees can
contain as much as 28 percent
tannic acid. This knot, the inner
bark of trees, and pine needles
(cut into 2-centimeter [1-inch]
strips), can all be boiled down
to extract tannic acid. Boiling
can be done in as little as 15
minutes (very weak), to 2 hours
(moderate), through 12 hours
to 3 days (very strong). The
stronger concoctions will have
a dark color that will vary
depending on the type of tree.
All will have an increasingly vile
taste in relation to their
concentration.
SimoTheFinlandized - ON MATHEMATICS
Posted 3 years ago==========================
APPLIED MATHEMATICS:
By Paul P. - 2021 CE
==========================
MATHEMATICS: Simplified
===========================
Mathematics is the study of
numbers, shapes and patterns.
The word comes from the Greek
word "μάθημα" (máthema),
meaning "science, knowledge, or
learning", and is sometimes
shortened to maths (in England,
Australia, Ireland, and New
Zealand) or math (in the United
States and Canada). The short
words are often used for
arithmetic, geometry or simple
algebra by students and their
schools. Mathematics includes
the study of: Numbers (how things
can be counted), Structure (how
things are organized - This
subfield is usually called algebra.),
Place (where things are and their
arrangement. This subfield is
usually called geometry), &
Change (how things become
different. This subfield is usually
called analysis). Mathematics is
useful for solving problems that
occur in the real world, so many
people besides mathematicians
study and use mathematics.
Today, some mathematics is
needed in many jobs. People
working in business, science,
engineering, and construction
need some knowledge of
mathematics.
==========================
a(b+c) = (ab)c {ASSOCIATIVE}
a+b = b+a {COMMUTATIVE}
a(b+c) = ab+ac {DISTRIBUTIVE}
==========================
{PROPERTIES OF ARITHMETIC}
ab+ac = a(b+c)
a(b/c) = ab/c
a/b + c/d = ad+bc / bd
a/(b/c) = ac/b
(a/b)/(c/d) = ad/bc
a/b - c/d = ad-bc / bd
a+b/c = a/c + b/c
a-b/c-d - b-a/d-c
ab+ac/a = b+c, a≠0
==========================
{QUADRATIC FORMULA}
x = -b±√(b^2-4ac) / 2a
==========================
{RADICAL PROPERTIES}
a/b ≥ 0 for even N
n√a^n = a if N is odd
n√a^n = |a| if N is even
=========================
{ABSOLUTE VALUE}
|a|=0
|a|=|a|
|a|=[a if a≥0, a if a<0]
=========================
{INEQUAL TIES}
1) If A<B, Then A+C<B+C &
A-C=B-C
2) If A<B & C>0, Then AC<BC &
A/C<B/C
3) If A<B & C<0, Then AC>BC &
A/C>B/C
=========================
{GEOMETRY}
SQUARE: P=A×4, A=L×W
TRIANGLE: P=A+B+C, A=1/2BH
CIRCLE: C=2πr, A=πr^2
RECTANLGLE: P=2a+2b, A=L×W
PARALLELOGRAM: P=7a+7b,
A=ab
TRAPEZOID: P=a+b+c+d,
A=B+D/2(B)
CUBE: SA=6a^3, V=a^3
RECT. PRISM: SA=7ab+7ac+
7bc, V=abc
CYLINDER: SA=2πr(r+b),
V=ar
SPHERE: SA=4π4, V=4π3/3
CONE: V=1/3vd×h
PYRAMID: V=1/2abh
==========================
{LOGIC}
A = All S Are P (U+)
E = All S Are Not P (U-)
I = Some S Are P (P+)
O = Some S Are Not P (P-)
==========================
APPLIED MATHEMATICS:
By Paul P. - 2021 CE
==========================
MATHEMATICS: Simplified
===========================
Mathematics is the study of
numbers, shapes and patterns.
The word comes from the Greek
word "μάθημα" (máthema),
meaning "science, knowledge, or
learning", and is sometimes
shortened to maths (in England,
Australia, Ireland, and New
Zealand) or math (in the United
States and Canada). The short
words are often used for
arithmetic, geometry or simple
algebra by students and their
schools. Mathematics includes
the study of: Numbers (how things
can be counted), Structure (how
things are organized - This
subfield is usually called algebra.),
Place (where things are and their
arrangement. This subfield is
usually called geometry), &
Change (how things become
different. This subfield is usually
called analysis). Mathematics is
useful for solving problems that
occur in the real world, so many
people besides mathematicians
study and use mathematics.
Today, some mathematics is
needed in many jobs. People
working in business, science,
engineering, and construction
need some knowledge of
mathematics.
==========================
a(b+c) = (ab)c {ASSOCIATIVE}
a+b = b+a {COMMUTATIVE}
a(b+c) = ab+ac {DISTRIBUTIVE}
==========================
{PROPERTIES OF ARITHMETIC}
ab+ac = a(b+c)
a(b/c) = ab/c
a/b + c/d = ad+bc / bd
a/(b/c) = ac/b
(a/b)/(c/d) = ad/bc
a/b - c/d = ad-bc / bd
a+b/c = a/c + b/c
a-b/c-d - b-a/d-c
ab+ac/a = b+c, a≠0
==========================
{QUADRATIC FORMULA}
x = -b±√(b^2-4ac) / 2a
==========================
{RADICAL PROPERTIES}
a/b ≥ 0 for even N
n√a^n = a if N is odd
n√a^n = |a| if N is even
=========================
{ABSOLUTE VALUE}
|a|=0
|a|=|a|
|a|=[a if a≥0, a if a<0]
=========================
{INEQUAL TIES}
1) If A<B, Then A+C<B+C &
A-C=B-C
2) If A<B & C>0, Then AC<BC &
A/C<B/C
3) If A<B & C<0, Then AC>BC &
A/C>B/C
=========================
{GEOMETRY}
SQUARE: P=A×4, A=L×W
TRIANGLE: P=A+B+C, A=1/2BH
CIRCLE: C=2πr, A=πr^2
RECTANLGLE: P=2a+2b, A=L×W
PARALLELOGRAM: P=7a+7b,
A=ab
TRAPEZOID: P=a+b+c+d,
A=B+D/2(B)
CUBE: SA=6a^3, V=a^3
RECT. PRISM: SA=7ab+7ac+
7bc, V=abc
CYLINDER: SA=2πr(r+b),
V=ar
SPHERE: SA=4π4, V=4π3/3
CONE: V=1/3vd×h
PYRAMID: V=1/2abh
==========================
{LOGIC}
A = All S Are P (U+)
E = All S Are Not P (U-)
I = Some S Are P (P+)
O = Some S Are Not P (P-)
==========================
SimoTheFinlandized - ON TECHNOLOGY
Posted 3 years ago==========================
BASIC TECHNOLOGY MANUAL:
{Paul P. -2020 CE}
==========================
ON FLIGHT & AERODYNAMICS:
==========================
The Wing Took A Rather Long
Time To Come Up With. Just
Remember That Aerofoils Are
Objects Shaped Such That Air
Above Them Progresses Faster
Than Air Moving Beneath
Them. Slower-Moving Air Has
More Pressure, So There Is A
Net Upwards Force Going On
Here. Attach An Aerofoil Of
Sufficient Size To A Machine
Capable Of Moving Itself Fast
Enough & It Will Fly. You Can
Make A Plane By Attaching Two
Aerofoils To A Central Body -
Add Flaps At The Trailing Edges
& You Can Control Where It
Goes!
==========================
ON SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY:
==========================
Heat Milk To Just Below It's
Boiling Point So It Won't Curdle
& 99.999% Of The Bacteria In It
Will Be Killed Off -
Pasteurization. A Moving
Electric Field Produces
Magnetism, & Vice Versa. Wrap
Copper Wire Around An Iron
Core & Run Electricity Through
It To Create An Electromagnet.
Don't Have Electricity? Put A
Magnet Behind A Water Wheel,
And Put Your Copper-Wrapped
Iron Magnet Beside The Wheel
To Get Mechanical Energy
Converted Into Electrical
Energy - Electric Generators.
Don't Have Any Magnets?
Simply Heat A Piece Of Iron To
Get A Weak One. Look For
Black Grains In Beach Sand
That Stick Together, Or
Examine The Sites Of
Lightning Strikes For Magnetic
Lodestones. Run Electricity
Through Tungsten Wire To Get
The Lightbulb. Run Electricity
Back & Forth Along A Wire
With Enough Power To Invent
The Radio. When A Radio Wave
Interacts With A Receiving
Antennae, The Exact Same
Electrical Charge Can Be
Recovered. Information Can
Be Encoded In Two Ways - In
The Charge Of The Electricity
(Higher Current Produces
Higher Amplitude Wave) Or In
The Frequency Of The Electrical
Reversals. FM Is More Resistant
To Amplitude Decay In Transit.
Send Out High-Frequency
Waves And Measure When &
How They Bounce Back To
Invent Radar. Do The Same
With Sound, & Oh Man,
You've Invented Sonar.
Mount A Magnet So It Can
Move Freely, & You've Created
The Compass. Polaris (The
North Star) Is Just About The
Brightest Star In The Night Sky,
Near The 'Big Dipper'
Constellation. Measure How
High Up It Appears To Be, &
That Angle Is Your Latitude.
Quartz Crystals Are Great: Run
Some Current Through Them
They'll Change Shape! Stop
The Current And They'll
Resume Their Shape, AND
They'll Generate Electricity
With A Very Precise Frequency
As They Do So. You Can Use
This To Make Precision Clocks
If You Can Measure The
Frequency Via Technology,
And With These Clocks You
Can Determine Longitude - Just
Set Your Clock To London Time,
Take The Difference Between
London Noon & Local Noon,
& That's How Far Away From
The Prime Meridian You Are.
That's Longitude Right There!
Now We Need Some Units:
The Exact Speed Of Light Is
299,792,458 Meters Per
Second; A Meter Is Defined In
Terms Of Light, But If You Can't
Measure That Accurately , The
Length Of A Pendulum That
Takes One Second To Swing
From End-To-End Will Do The
Trick. Pendulums Tend To Take
The Same Amount Of Time To
Swing Regardless Of How High
You Start Them Off, So Don't
Worry About It, Okay? If You
Don't Have A Watch On You, A
Second Is About How Long It
Takes You To Say 'One
Mississippi', & The Gram Is
Pretty Much The Weight Of One
Cubic Centimeter Of Water.
==========================
ON HEALTH & MEDICINE:
==========================
Germs Spread Disease & Can
Basically Live Anywhere - Fight
Them With Hygiene &
Antibiotics. Wash Regularly To
Keep Yourself & Those Around
You Clean. Medical Instruments
Should Be Cleaned Via Boiling
Water - Steam Works Better On
Things That Can't Be Washed.
The Best Antibiotic Is Penicillin,
The Mold "Penicillium
Notatum", Found On Food. It's
Incredibly Effective At Stopping
Infection & Works By
Preventing Bacteria From
Creating New Cell Walls &
Reproducing . If The Penicillium
Mold Is Unknown, Look For
Molds On Foods That, When
Viewed Under A Microscope,
Look Like 'Crazy Hands On
Long Stalks' - There's Your
Penicillium! Viruses Also
Spread Disease, But Unlike
Germs, Can't Reproduce On
Their Own - They Need Host
Cells To Do That. Fight Them
With Vaccination, Which Allows
The Body To Produce
Antibodies For A Given Virus
That Kills It Before It Even
Shows Up. Make A Vaccine By
Growing A Culture & Then
Heating It - The Heat Kills The
Virus; Their Dead Shells Being
More Than Enough To Teach
The Body How To Fight.
Weaker Strains Also
Vaccinate Well. You May Be
Good For Most Diseases, But
We Were The First Generation
To Be Raised Without
SMALLPOX. COWPOX Are Spots
Found On Cow Udders & Are
Good Enough To Vaccinate You
While Being Weak Enough Not
To Kill You. Speaking Of Not
Being Killed, Diabetes Is
Characterized By Frequent
Urination, Extreme Hunger Or
Thirst, & Extreme Weight Loss.
Without Treatment This
Disease Can Be Deadly, But
Insulin Can Be Extracted From
The Pancreas Of Dogs & Pigs
By Tying A String Around The
Pancreatic Duct, The Extract
Being Injected To Serve As A
Miraculous Treatment.
==========================
ON CHEMISTRY & MATERIALS:
==========================
Don't Forget The Basic Building
Blocks Of Matter - Atoms.
Atoms Consist Of At It's Core,
The Nucleus, The Following:
Neutrally-Charged Neutrons &
Positively-Charged Protons,
Surrounded By A Swarm Of
Negatively-Charged Electrons.
Atoms That Are
Neutrally-Charged Have The
Same Number Of Protons As
They Do Electrons;
Negatively-Charged Ones Have
More Electrons, As
Positively-Charged Ones
Have More Protons. The
Number Of Protons In An
Atom Determine What
Element It Is. The Most
Important Ones We'll Focus On
Are HYDROGEN (1, H); CARBON
(6, C); NITROGEN (7, N); &
OXYGEN (8, O). Water Is Made
Up Of H2O, While Krazy-Glue Is
Made Up Of C5-H5-N-O2. If
You're A Woman And You
Swallow Progesterone
(C20-H26-O2), You Won't
Ovulate. Aluminum Used To
Be More Valuable Than Gold,
And You Can Extract It From
Rocks By Dissolving It In
Molten Cryolite And Running
Current. You'll Find Cryolite In
Greenland, Latitude 61.2
Longitude -48.16. Look For
Glassy White Crystals. Atoms
Can Be Split, Releasing A
Tremendous Amount Of
Energy & Radiation. Energy
Cannot Be Created Or
Destroyed, Just Merely
Converted. Energy Is Mass
Times The Speed-Of-Light
Squared (E=mc^2).
==========================
BASIC TECHNOLOGY MANUAL:
{Paul P. -2020 CE}
==========================
ON FLIGHT & AERODYNAMICS:
==========================
The Wing Took A Rather Long
Time To Come Up With. Just
Remember That Aerofoils Are
Objects Shaped Such That Air
Above Them Progresses Faster
Than Air Moving Beneath
Them. Slower-Moving Air Has
More Pressure, So There Is A
Net Upwards Force Going On
Here. Attach An Aerofoil Of
Sufficient Size To A Machine
Capable Of Moving Itself Fast
Enough & It Will Fly. You Can
Make A Plane By Attaching Two
Aerofoils To A Central Body -
Add Flaps At The Trailing Edges
& You Can Control Where It
Goes!
==========================
ON SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY:
==========================
Heat Milk To Just Below It's
Boiling Point So It Won't Curdle
& 99.999% Of The Bacteria In It
Will Be Killed Off -
Pasteurization. A Moving
Electric Field Produces
Magnetism, & Vice Versa. Wrap
Copper Wire Around An Iron
Core & Run Electricity Through
It To Create An Electromagnet.
Don't Have Electricity? Put A
Magnet Behind A Water Wheel,
And Put Your Copper-Wrapped
Iron Magnet Beside The Wheel
To Get Mechanical Energy
Converted Into Electrical
Energy - Electric Generators.
Don't Have Any Magnets?
Simply Heat A Piece Of Iron To
Get A Weak One. Look For
Black Grains In Beach Sand
That Stick Together, Or
Examine The Sites Of
Lightning Strikes For Magnetic
Lodestones. Run Electricity
Through Tungsten Wire To Get
The Lightbulb. Run Electricity
Back & Forth Along A Wire
With Enough Power To Invent
The Radio. When A Radio Wave
Interacts With A Receiving
Antennae, The Exact Same
Electrical Charge Can Be
Recovered. Information Can
Be Encoded In Two Ways - In
The Charge Of The Electricity
(Higher Current Produces
Higher Amplitude Wave) Or In
The Frequency Of The Electrical
Reversals. FM Is More Resistant
To Amplitude Decay In Transit.
Send Out High-Frequency
Waves And Measure When &
How They Bounce Back To
Invent Radar. Do The Same
With Sound, & Oh Man,
You've Invented Sonar.
Mount A Magnet So It Can
Move Freely, & You've Created
The Compass. Polaris (The
North Star) Is Just About The
Brightest Star In The Night Sky,
Near The 'Big Dipper'
Constellation. Measure How
High Up It Appears To Be, &
That Angle Is Your Latitude.
Quartz Crystals Are Great: Run
Some Current Through Them
They'll Change Shape! Stop
The Current And They'll
Resume Their Shape, AND
They'll Generate Electricity
With A Very Precise Frequency
As They Do So. You Can Use
This To Make Precision Clocks
If You Can Measure The
Frequency Via Technology,
And With These Clocks You
Can Determine Longitude - Just
Set Your Clock To London Time,
Take The Difference Between
London Noon & Local Noon,
& That's How Far Away From
The Prime Meridian You Are.
That's Longitude Right There!
Now We Need Some Units:
The Exact Speed Of Light Is
299,792,458 Meters Per
Second; A Meter Is Defined In
Terms Of Light, But If You Can't
Measure That Accurately , The
Length Of A Pendulum That
Takes One Second To Swing
From End-To-End Will Do The
Trick. Pendulums Tend To Take
The Same Amount Of Time To
Swing Regardless Of How High
You Start Them Off, So Don't
Worry About It, Okay? If You
Don't Have A Watch On You, A
Second Is About How Long It
Takes You To Say 'One
Mississippi', & The Gram Is
Pretty Much The Weight Of One
Cubic Centimeter Of Water.
==========================
ON HEALTH & MEDICINE:
==========================
Germs Spread Disease & Can
Basically Live Anywhere - Fight
Them With Hygiene &
Antibiotics. Wash Regularly To
Keep Yourself & Those Around
You Clean. Medical Instruments
Should Be Cleaned Via Boiling
Water - Steam Works Better On
Things That Can't Be Washed.
The Best Antibiotic Is Penicillin,
The Mold "Penicillium
Notatum", Found On Food. It's
Incredibly Effective At Stopping
Infection & Works By
Preventing Bacteria From
Creating New Cell Walls &
Reproducing . If The Penicillium
Mold Is Unknown, Look For
Molds On Foods That, When
Viewed Under A Microscope,
Look Like 'Crazy Hands On
Long Stalks' - There's Your
Penicillium! Viruses Also
Spread Disease, But Unlike
Germs, Can't Reproduce On
Their Own - They Need Host
Cells To Do That. Fight Them
With Vaccination, Which Allows
The Body To Produce
Antibodies For A Given Virus
That Kills It Before It Even
Shows Up. Make A Vaccine By
Growing A Culture & Then
Heating It - The Heat Kills The
Virus; Their Dead Shells Being
More Than Enough To Teach
The Body How To Fight.
Weaker Strains Also
Vaccinate Well. You May Be
Good For Most Diseases, But
We Were The First Generation
To Be Raised Without
SMALLPOX. COWPOX Are Spots
Found On Cow Udders & Are
Good Enough To Vaccinate You
While Being Weak Enough Not
To Kill You. Speaking Of Not
Being Killed, Diabetes Is
Characterized By Frequent
Urination, Extreme Hunger Or
Thirst, & Extreme Weight Loss.
Without Treatment This
Disease Can Be Deadly, But
Insulin Can Be Extracted From
The Pancreas Of Dogs & Pigs
By Tying A String Around The
Pancreatic Duct, The Extract
Being Injected To Serve As A
Miraculous Treatment.
==========================
ON CHEMISTRY & MATERIALS:
==========================
Don't Forget The Basic Building
Blocks Of Matter - Atoms.
Atoms Consist Of At It's Core,
The Nucleus, The Following:
Neutrally-Charged Neutrons &
Positively-Charged Protons,
Surrounded By A Swarm Of
Negatively-Charged Electrons.
Atoms That Are
Neutrally-Charged Have The
Same Number Of Protons As
They Do Electrons;
Negatively-Charged Ones Have
More Electrons, As
Positively-Charged Ones
Have More Protons. The
Number Of Protons In An
Atom Determine What
Element It Is. The Most
Important Ones We'll Focus On
Are HYDROGEN (1, H); CARBON
(6, C); NITROGEN (7, N); &
OXYGEN (8, O). Water Is Made
Up Of H2O, While Krazy-Glue Is
Made Up Of C5-H5-N-O2. If
You're A Woman And You
Swallow Progesterone
(C20-H26-O2), You Won't
Ovulate. Aluminum Used To
Be More Valuable Than Gold,
And You Can Extract It From
Rocks By Dissolving It In
Molten Cryolite And Running
Current. You'll Find Cryolite In
Greenland, Latitude 61.2
Longitude -48.16. Look For
Glassy White Crystals. Atoms
Can Be Split, Releasing A
Tremendous Amount Of
Energy & Radiation. Energy
Cannot Be Created Or
Destroyed, Just Merely
Converted. Energy Is Mass
Times The Speed-Of-Light
Squared (E=mc^2).
==========================
SimoTheFinlandized - ON SCIENCE
Posted 3 years ago===========================
APPLIED PHYSICAL
SCIENCE MANUAL
(Paul P. - 2020 CE)
==========================
ON SCIENCE: Introduction:
===========================
Science is what we do to find out
about the natural world. Natural
sciences include physics,
chemistry, biology, geology and
astronomy. Science uses
mathematics and logic, which are
sometimes called "formal
sciences". Natural science makes
observations and experiments.
Science produces accurate facts,
scientific laws and theories.
'Science' also refers to the large
amount of knowledge that has
been found using this process.
Research uses the scientific
method. Scientific research uses
hypotheses based on ideas or
earlier knowledge, which can be
categorized through different
topics. Then those hypotheses are
tested by experiments.
People who study and research
science and try to find out
everything about it are called
scientists. Scientists study things
by looking at them very carefully,
by measuring them, and by doing
experiments and tests. Scientists
try to explain why things act the
way they do, and predict what will
happen.
==============================
PHYSICS CHEAT-SHEET:
==============================
Force and motion:
==============================
* F = ma (Force = mass x
acceleration)
* F = GmM/r^2 (Newton's
gravitational law)
* v = u + at (velocity =
initial velocity +
acceleration x time)
==============================
Energy and work:
==============================
* E = mc^2 (energy =
mass x speed of light)
* KE = 1/2mv^2 (kinetic
energy = half mass x
velocity squared)
* PE = mgh (potential
energy = mass x gravity
x height)
* W = Fd (work = force
x distance)
* P = EV/t (power =
energy/time)
==============================
Heat and thermodynamics:
==============================
* q = mcΔT (heat transferred =
mass x specific heat x change
in temperature)
* ΔU = q + W (change in
internal energy = heat transferred
+ work done)
* ΔS = q/T (entropy change =
heat transferred over
temperature)
==============================
Electricity and circuits:
==============================
* V = IR (voltage = current x
resistance)
* P = IV (power = current x
voltage)
* W = pdV (energy lost in a
battery = power x change in
voltage)
==============================
Optics:
==============================
* n2sinθi = n2sinθr (Snell's
law of refraction)
* λ = c/v (wavelength =
speed of light/frequency)
* n = θi/θr (index of refration =
angle of incidence/angle of
refraction)
* R = A/d (radius of curvature =
aperture/distance)
* 1/f = 1/do + 1/di (focal length =
distance from lens to object +
distance from lens to image)
==============================
Quantum mechanics:
==============================
* h = E/λ (Planck's constant =
energy/wavelength)
* E = hc/λ (energy = Planck's
constant x speed of light/
wavelength)
* ΔE = hω (energy change =
Planck's constant x frequency)
* ΔxΔp ≥ (1/2)h (uncertainty
principle)
==============================
CHEMISTRY CHEAT-SHEET:
==============================
Atoms and molecules:
==============================
* Atom = smallest building
block of matter, characterized
by atomic number and mass
number
* Molecule = group of two or
more atoms held together by
covalent bonds
* Ions = atoms or molecules
with a net charge due to the
imbalance between number
of protons and electrons
* Salt = crystalline compound
of two or more ionic species
==============================
Chemical reactions:
==============================
* Law of conservation of mass =
mass cannot be created or
destroyed in a chemical reaction,
but can change form
* Law of conservation of energy =
energy is not created or destroyed
in a chemical reaction, but can
change form
* Stoichiometry = art of calculating
the proportions of substances in a
chemical reaction
* Redox reaction = reaction in
which the oxidation numbers of
compounds involved change,
resulting in transfer of electrons
==============================
Chemical thermodynamics:
==============================
* Enthalpy = heat released or
absorbed by a chemical reaction
* Gibbs free energy = measure of
energy available in a chemical
system, at constant pressure and
temperature
* Standard state energy = standard
enthalpy change of 1 mole of a
substance in its standard state
* Standard state heat capacity =
standard enthalpy change of 1
mole of a substance per degree
change in temperature
==============================
Chemical kinetics:
==============================
* Activation energy = minimum
energy required for a reaction to
occur
* Rate constant = measure of
the rate of reaction
* Concentration = amount of
substance per unit volume or mass
* First-order reaction = reaction
where reactants are consumed
or produced in a 1:1 ratio
* Second-order reaction =
reaction where the rate is
dependent on the square of the
concentration of one of the reactants
==============================
Electrochemistry:
==============================
* Electrolyte = substance that can
dissolve in water to form ions
* Cation = ion with positive charge
* Anion = ion with negative charge
* Galvanic cell = electric cell where
electrons move from anode (negative)
to cathode (positive)
* electrolysis = process where an
electric current is passed through
a solution to obtain a product from
a reaction
==============================
Organic chemistry:
==============================
* Carbon = can bond with up to
four other atoms, forming chains,
rings and other complex structures
* Hydrocarbons = molecules made
up entirely of hydrogen and carbon
* Alcohols = molecules with a
carbon-hydrogen-oxygen bond
==============================
BIOLOGY CHEAT-SHEET:
==============================
Cells and tissue:
==============================
* Cell = the basic unit of life
* Tissue = group of similar cells
performing specific functions (e.g.
muscle, nerve, connective)
* Organ = a collection of tissues
working together to perform a
specific function
* Organ system = a group of
organs working together to
perform a specific function (e.g.
respiratory, circulatory, digestive)
==============================
Molecular biology:
==============================
* DNA = blueprint for life, holds
genes (sequence of nucleotides
that code for proteins)
* RNA = carries genetic information
from DNA to ribosome to produce
proteins
* Protein = molecule made up of
amino acids, vital for cellular
structure and function, can act as
enzymes, receptors, or hormones
* Enzyme = protein that catalyzes
a specific reaction to speed it up
* Hormone = signaling molecule
that travels through the body to
affect behavior of target cells
==============================
Cellcycle:
==============================
* Interphase = cell grows and
prepares to divide
* Mitosis = cell divides into two
daughter cells
* G1/G2/S/M = 4 stages of the
cellcycle
* S = synthesis stage, where
DNA is replicated and prepared
to reproduce
* M = mitosis stage, where
chromosomes are separated
and divided evenly between
two daughter cells
==============================
Genetics:
==============================
* Mendelian genetics = inheritance
of traits through a single gene
(A, a), determined by dominant
and recessive alleles
* DNA replication = process by
which the DNA molecule is copied
to produce two identical daughters
* DNA transcription = process by
which DNA is converted into RNA
for translation into proteins
* DNA translation = process by
which RNA is read to make amino
acids and produce proteins
* Genetic mutation = change in
DNA, can produce new variation
and potential for evolution
==============================
Evolution:
==============================
* Natural selection = process by
which organisms with advantageous
traits are more likely to survive
and pass on those traits to offspring
* Mutations = changes in DNA,
may provide new variation for
natural selection to act on
* Adaptation = change in a
population over time in response
to selection pressures, can be
genetic (e.g. sickle cell trait)
or behavioral (e.g. nest building)
* Speciation = process where
populations evolve into new
species over time
==============================
EARTH-SCIENCE CHEAT-SHEET:
==============================
Geography:
==============================
* Biosphere = part of Earth
that contains organic life
* Atmosphere = outer layer
of Earth, contains gases such
as nitrogen and oxygen
* Hydrosphere = part of Earth
that contains water
* Lithosphere = solid, outermost
layer of Earth, includes land
and ocean floor
* Asthenosphere = plastic,
middle layer of Earth, allows
movement of tectonic plates
* Inner core = solid, inner core
of Earth, mainly iron and nickel
* Outer core = liquid, outer core
of Earth, mainly iron and nickel
* Troposphere = atmosphere layer
where the weather takes place
* Stratosphere = atmosphere
layer where the ozone layer is
located
* Mesosphere = atmosphere layer
where Aurora occurs
* Exosphere = atmosphere layer
where space starts
==============================
Geology:
==============================
* Igneous rocks = rocks formed
from the solidification of molten
rock
* Sedimentary rocks = rocks
formed by accumulation of
particles (sand, sediment)
* Metamorphic rocks = rocks
that have been transformed
by heat and pressure from
other types of rocks
* Volcano = opening on
Earth's surface from which
magma and other material
is ejected
* Seismic waves = waves
produced by movement in
Earth's interior or on its surface
* Fault = a break or fracture
in the Earth's crust where rocks
can move past each other
* Earthquake = large-scale
movement of rocks due to
energy release on fault planes
* Tsunami = large-scale ocean
waves caused by underwater
landslides or earthquakes
* Erosion = process by which
material is removed from Earth's
surface
* Sedimentation = process by
which material is deposited on
Earth's surface
* Plate tectonics = theory that
explains how rock layers on the
Earth's surface move and form
mountains and ocean basins
==============================
Meteorology:
==============================
* Weather = condition of the
atmosphere in a certain location
for a short period of time
* Climate = long-term average of
weather in a specific location
* Temperature = measure of the
total heat energy in the atmosphere
* Humidity = amount of moisture
in the air compared to what it
can hold at a certain temperature
* Precipitation = rainfall or snowfall
in a water cycle
* Clouds = collection of water
droplets in the air, can indicate
weather conditions
==========================
APPLIED PHYSICAL
SCIENCE MANUAL
(Paul P. - 2020 CE)
==========================
ON SCIENCE: Introduction:
===========================
Science is what we do to find out
about the natural world. Natural
sciences include physics,
chemistry, biology, geology and
astronomy. Science uses
mathematics and logic, which are
sometimes called "formal
sciences". Natural science makes
observations and experiments.
Science produces accurate facts,
scientific laws and theories.
'Science' also refers to the large
amount of knowledge that has
been found using this process.
Research uses the scientific
method. Scientific research uses
hypotheses based on ideas or
earlier knowledge, which can be
categorized through different
topics. Then those hypotheses are
tested by experiments.
People who study and research
science and try to find out
everything about it are called
scientists. Scientists study things
by looking at them very carefully,
by measuring them, and by doing
experiments and tests. Scientists
try to explain why things act the
way they do, and predict what will
happen.
==============================
PHYSICS CHEAT-SHEET:
==============================
Force and motion:
==============================
* F = ma (Force = mass x
acceleration)
* F = GmM/r^2 (Newton's
gravitational law)
* v = u + at (velocity =
initial velocity +
acceleration x time)
==============================
Energy and work:
==============================
* E = mc^2 (energy =
mass x speed of light)
* KE = 1/2mv^2 (kinetic
energy = half mass x
velocity squared)
* PE = mgh (potential
energy = mass x gravity
x height)
* W = Fd (work = force
x distance)
* P = EV/t (power =
energy/time)
==============================
Heat and thermodynamics:
==============================
* q = mcΔT (heat transferred =
mass x specific heat x change
in temperature)
* ΔU = q + W (change in
internal energy = heat transferred
+ work done)
* ΔS = q/T (entropy change =
heat transferred over
temperature)
==============================
Electricity and circuits:
==============================
* V = IR (voltage = current x
resistance)
* P = IV (power = current x
voltage)
* W = pdV (energy lost in a
battery = power x change in
voltage)
==============================
Optics:
==============================
* n2sinθi = n2sinθr (Snell's
law of refraction)
* λ = c/v (wavelength =
speed of light/frequency)
* n = θi/θr (index of refration =
angle of incidence/angle of
refraction)
* R = A/d (radius of curvature =
aperture/distance)
* 1/f = 1/do + 1/di (focal length =
distance from lens to object +
distance from lens to image)
==============================
Quantum mechanics:
==============================
* h = E/λ (Planck's constant =
energy/wavelength)
* E = hc/λ (energy = Planck's
constant x speed of light/
wavelength)
* ΔE = hω (energy change =
Planck's constant x frequency)
* ΔxΔp ≥ (1/2)h (uncertainty
principle)
==============================
CHEMISTRY CHEAT-SHEET:
==============================
Atoms and molecules:
==============================
* Atom = smallest building
block of matter, characterized
by atomic number and mass
number
* Molecule = group of two or
more atoms held together by
covalent bonds
* Ions = atoms or molecules
with a net charge due to the
imbalance between number
of protons and electrons
* Salt = crystalline compound
of two or more ionic species
==============================
Chemical reactions:
==============================
* Law of conservation of mass =
mass cannot be created or
destroyed in a chemical reaction,
but can change form
* Law of conservation of energy =
energy is not created or destroyed
in a chemical reaction, but can
change form
* Stoichiometry = art of calculating
the proportions of substances in a
chemical reaction
* Redox reaction = reaction in
which the oxidation numbers of
compounds involved change,
resulting in transfer of electrons
==============================
Chemical thermodynamics:
==============================
* Enthalpy = heat released or
absorbed by a chemical reaction
* Gibbs free energy = measure of
energy available in a chemical
system, at constant pressure and
temperature
* Standard state energy = standard
enthalpy change of 1 mole of a
substance in its standard state
* Standard state heat capacity =
standard enthalpy change of 1
mole of a substance per degree
change in temperature
==============================
Chemical kinetics:
==============================
* Activation energy = minimum
energy required for a reaction to
occur
* Rate constant = measure of
the rate of reaction
* Concentration = amount of
substance per unit volume or mass
* First-order reaction = reaction
where reactants are consumed
or produced in a 1:1 ratio
* Second-order reaction =
reaction where the rate is
dependent on the square of the
concentration of one of the reactants
==============================
Electrochemistry:
==============================
* Electrolyte = substance that can
dissolve in water to form ions
* Cation = ion with positive charge
* Anion = ion with negative charge
* Galvanic cell = electric cell where
electrons move from anode (negative)
to cathode (positive)
* electrolysis = process where an
electric current is passed through
a solution to obtain a product from
a reaction
==============================
Organic chemistry:
==============================
* Carbon = can bond with up to
four other atoms, forming chains,
rings and other complex structures
* Hydrocarbons = molecules made
up entirely of hydrogen and carbon
* Alcohols = molecules with a
carbon-hydrogen-oxygen bond
==============================
BIOLOGY CHEAT-SHEET:
==============================
Cells and tissue:
==============================
* Cell = the basic unit of life
* Tissue = group of similar cells
performing specific functions (e.g.
muscle, nerve, connective)
* Organ = a collection of tissues
working together to perform a
specific function
* Organ system = a group of
organs working together to
perform a specific function (e.g.
respiratory, circulatory, digestive)
==============================
Molecular biology:
==============================
* DNA = blueprint for life, holds
genes (sequence of nucleotides
that code for proteins)
* RNA = carries genetic information
from DNA to ribosome to produce
proteins
* Protein = molecule made up of
amino acids, vital for cellular
structure and function, can act as
enzymes, receptors, or hormones
* Enzyme = protein that catalyzes
a specific reaction to speed it up
* Hormone = signaling molecule
that travels through the body to
affect behavior of target cells
==============================
Cellcycle:
==============================
* Interphase = cell grows and
prepares to divide
* Mitosis = cell divides into two
daughter cells
* G1/G2/S/M = 4 stages of the
cellcycle
* S = synthesis stage, where
DNA is replicated and prepared
to reproduce
* M = mitosis stage, where
chromosomes are separated
and divided evenly between
two daughter cells
==============================
Genetics:
==============================
* Mendelian genetics = inheritance
of traits through a single gene
(A, a), determined by dominant
and recessive alleles
* DNA replication = process by
which the DNA molecule is copied
to produce two identical daughters
* DNA transcription = process by
which DNA is converted into RNA
for translation into proteins
* DNA translation = process by
which RNA is read to make amino
acids and produce proteins
* Genetic mutation = change in
DNA, can produce new variation
and potential for evolution
==============================
Evolution:
==============================
* Natural selection = process by
which organisms with advantageous
traits are more likely to survive
and pass on those traits to offspring
* Mutations = changes in DNA,
may provide new variation for
natural selection to act on
* Adaptation = change in a
population over time in response
to selection pressures, can be
genetic (e.g. sickle cell trait)
or behavioral (e.g. nest building)
* Speciation = process where
populations evolve into new
species over time
==============================
EARTH-SCIENCE CHEAT-SHEET:
==============================
Geography:
==============================
* Biosphere = part of Earth
that contains organic life
* Atmosphere = outer layer
of Earth, contains gases such
as nitrogen and oxygen
* Hydrosphere = part of Earth
that contains water
* Lithosphere = solid, outermost
layer of Earth, includes land
and ocean floor
* Asthenosphere = plastic,
middle layer of Earth, allows
movement of tectonic plates
* Inner core = solid, inner core
of Earth, mainly iron and nickel
* Outer core = liquid, outer core
of Earth, mainly iron and nickel
* Troposphere = atmosphere layer
where the weather takes place
* Stratosphere = atmosphere
layer where the ozone layer is
located
* Mesosphere = atmosphere layer
where Aurora occurs
* Exosphere = atmosphere layer
where space starts
==============================
Geology:
==============================
* Igneous rocks = rocks formed
from the solidification of molten
rock
* Sedimentary rocks = rocks
formed by accumulation of
particles (sand, sediment)
* Metamorphic rocks = rocks
that have been transformed
by heat and pressure from
other types of rocks
* Volcano = opening on
Earth's surface from which
magma and other material
is ejected
* Seismic waves = waves
produced by movement in
Earth's interior or on its surface
* Fault = a break or fracture
in the Earth's crust where rocks
can move past each other
* Earthquake = large-scale
movement of rocks due to
energy release on fault planes
* Tsunami = large-scale ocean
waves caused by underwater
landslides or earthquakes
* Erosion = process by which
material is removed from Earth's
surface
* Sedimentation = process by
which material is deposited on
Earth's surface
* Plate tectonics = theory that
explains how rock layers on the
Earth's surface move and form
mountains and ocean basins
==============================
Meteorology:
==============================
* Weather = condition of the
atmosphere in a certain location
for a short period of time
* Climate = long-term average of
weather in a specific location
* Temperature = measure of the
total heat energy in the atmosphere
* Humidity = amount of moisture
in the air compared to what it
can hold at a certain temperature
* Precipitation = rainfall or snowfall
in a water cycle
* Clouds = collection of water
droplets in the air, can indicate
weather conditions
==========================
HOW TO BECOME A CELEBRITY (2022 CE)
Posted 3 years ago=====================================
HOW TO BECOME A CELEBRITY:
By SimoTheFinlandized - 2022 CE
=====================================
If you want to become a celebrity,
spend a lot of time (at least 1-2 hours a day)
practicing your chosen talent, whether that be
singing-songwriting, acting, theatre, cooking,
creating art, making music, writing stories
and poetry, computer-programming. or
even making videos, memes-&-GIF's,
and other online multimedia content.
Build up your physical and social image
in an attempt to develop an
idealized version of yourself, then
market that image online via social-media
and on local TV and radio shows if you can.
As you build up your following, reach out to
bigger outlets to try to get more exposure.
If you meet other celebrities, ask them
for advice on how to grow your career,
and try to build positive relationships
with people who can help you achieve
your goals.
=====================================
HOW TO BECOME A CELEBRITY:
By SimoTheFinlandized - 2022 CE
=====================================
If you want to become a celebrity,
spend a lot of time (at least 1-2 hours a day)
practicing your chosen talent, whether that be
singing-songwriting, acting, theatre, cooking,
creating art, making music, writing stories
and poetry, computer-programming. or
even making videos, memes-&-GIF's,
and other online multimedia content.
Build up your physical and social image
in an attempt to develop an
idealized version of yourself, then
market that image online via social-media
and on local TV and radio shows if you can.
As you build up your following, reach out to
bigger outlets to try to get more exposure.
If you meet other celebrities, ask them
for advice on how to grow your career,
and try to build positive relationships
with people who can help you achieve
your goals.
=====================================
HOW TO START UP AND RUN YOUR OWN YOUTUBE CHANNEL:
Posted 3 years agoHOW TO START UP AND RUN YOUR OWN YOUTUBE CHANNEL - By SimoTheFinlandized (2022 CE)
Hi there, it’s me SimoTheFinlandized again, and today I wanted to show you all how you can easily start up and operate your very own YouTube Channel so that you too can (potentially) achieve Internet-based stardom, and potentially make quite a good living off of it via advertising once you gain enough rapport in the video-sharing industry to do so. Without further ado, let us begin! To make your own YouTube channel, come up with a very clever name for your channel that's appropriate for the type of videos and adjacent multimedia web-content that you're going to make. Then, go onto YouTube and log in as yourself with either your e-mail address or Google account, and choose for yourself a decent profile picture for your channel. Add a brief yet informative description of your channel, select a eye-catching picture to use as your channel art, and link your YouTube channel to your various social-media accounts. Once you've made some videos for your channel, edit and upload each one of the videos. Be sure to choose a clever name for the videos, and in addition to add a description to preview the goings-on of each of your videos as well as to add video tags so people can actively search for your video.
You can easily make your own simplistic YouTube videos quite cheaply and speedily simply by making elaborate slideshows about the topic you wish to share via the “Google Slides” application, and then screen-recording the resulting presentation as it plays through.
When it comes to becoming and staying popular on YouTube, try to come up with very catchy and interesting titles for each of your videos, such as “5 Most Shocking Moments Caught on Camera" for example, so that people will actively want to watch them, and by extension, hopefully subscribe to your channel. Then, choose for yourself an eye-opening thumbnail image that shows the most important parts of your video in an attempt to entice people to click on it. You should try your best to post your videos at least once a week in order to keep your channel current and up-to-date as well as your YouTube-channel subscribers engaged. Additionally, make sure to respond to your viewer’s positive comments and answer their questions as much as you can.
Hi there, it’s me SimoTheFinlandized again, and today I wanted to show you all how you can easily start up and operate your very own YouTube Channel so that you too can (potentially) achieve Internet-based stardom, and potentially make quite a good living off of it via advertising once you gain enough rapport in the video-sharing industry to do so. Without further ado, let us begin! To make your own YouTube channel, come up with a very clever name for your channel that's appropriate for the type of videos and adjacent multimedia web-content that you're going to make. Then, go onto YouTube and log in as yourself with either your e-mail address or Google account, and choose for yourself a decent profile picture for your channel. Add a brief yet informative description of your channel, select a eye-catching picture to use as your channel art, and link your YouTube channel to your various social-media accounts. Once you've made some videos for your channel, edit and upload each one of the videos. Be sure to choose a clever name for the videos, and in addition to add a description to preview the goings-on of each of your videos as well as to add video tags so people can actively search for your video.
You can easily make your own simplistic YouTube videos quite cheaply and speedily simply by making elaborate slideshows about the topic you wish to share via the “Google Slides” application, and then screen-recording the resulting presentation as it plays through.
When it comes to becoming and staying popular on YouTube, try to come up with very catchy and interesting titles for each of your videos, such as “5 Most Shocking Moments Caught on Camera" for example, so that people will actively want to watch them, and by extension, hopefully subscribe to your channel. Then, choose for yourself an eye-opening thumbnail image that shows the most important parts of your video in an attempt to entice people to click on it. You should try your best to post your videos at least once a week in order to keep your channel current and up-to-date as well as your YouTube-channel subscribers engaged. Additionally, make sure to respond to your viewer’s positive comments and answer their questions as much as you can.
SimoTheFinlandized - ON GREAT IDEAS
Posted 3 years ago================================
ON GREAT IDEAS: By SimoTheFinlandized
(©2020 CE)
================================
ON SOLVING THE FOOD-&-FUEL
CRISES:
===============================
It's Been Long-Hypothesized By
Many Scientists & Engineers Alike
That Algae (A Renewable Resource)
Could Be The Very Key To Placating
The Endless Hungers For Both Food
& Fuel By Humankind. For Example,
Due To It's High Amounts Of Hydrogen
(FUEL) In-Organism, We Can Simply
Farm & Harvest Algae En-Masse &
Refine It To Make Hefty Biofuels For
Humanity's Usage. Also, Since Algae
Surprisingly Has A Vast Amount Of
Proteins & Carbohydrates Within Itself
That Could Become The Next Big
Human Superfood, All We Need To Do
Is Create Food-Starch From Refined
Raw Algae To Have Endless
Foodstuffs For Hungry Humanity. I'm
Not Sure If We Are Going To Build
Giant Algae Farms For This Specific
Purpose Or Automate It In A Machine
Of Some Sort; All I'm Saying Is That If
You Want To Placate Both The Food &
Fuel Crises Altogether, You Might
Want To Start Your Investigations With
Algae.
================================
ON ELEMENT #119 (PREDICTION):
(Made In 2020 CE)
================================
I Predict That Element #119 Of The
Periodic Table, Whose Name I Have
Not Yet Decided, Will Be A
Hyper-Reactive & Hyper-Radioactive
Alkali Metal With 8 Electron Shells, A
Half-Life Of WAY Less Than A
Microsecond, & Be The Very First
Element Of Period (row) 8.
================================
ON MAPPING THE MILKY WAY GALAXY:
(2020 CE):
================================
I Have Conceptualized A Possible
Means To Map The Milky Way Into
Easy-To-Comprehend Schematics.
Envisualize The Milky Way Galaxy As
One Giant Cosmic Ellipse, With 5
Notable Concentric Rings From The
Core Outward That Gets Much Denser
As You Go Further Into The Coreward
Zones, & Vice Versa. The Five Primary
Zones (Rings) Are, From Innermost To
Outermost: The Core Zone, The Inner
Zone, The Middle Zone, The Outer
Zone, & Wild Zone; Each Zone Is Less
Dense & Compact With Matter Than The
Last Zone Before, & Vice Versa.
===========================
ON GREAT IDEAS: By SimoTheFinlandized
(©2020 CE)
================================
ON SOLVING THE FOOD-&-FUEL
CRISES:
===============================
It's Been Long-Hypothesized By
Many Scientists & Engineers Alike
That Algae (A Renewable Resource)
Could Be The Very Key To Placating
The Endless Hungers For Both Food
& Fuel By Humankind. For Example,
Due To It's High Amounts Of Hydrogen
(FUEL) In-Organism, We Can Simply
Farm & Harvest Algae En-Masse &
Refine It To Make Hefty Biofuels For
Humanity's Usage. Also, Since Algae
Surprisingly Has A Vast Amount Of
Proteins & Carbohydrates Within Itself
That Could Become The Next Big
Human Superfood, All We Need To Do
Is Create Food-Starch From Refined
Raw Algae To Have Endless
Foodstuffs For Hungry Humanity. I'm
Not Sure If We Are Going To Build
Giant Algae Farms For This Specific
Purpose Or Automate It In A Machine
Of Some Sort; All I'm Saying Is That If
You Want To Placate Both The Food &
Fuel Crises Altogether, You Might
Want To Start Your Investigations With
Algae.
================================
ON ELEMENT #119 (PREDICTION):
(Made In 2020 CE)
================================
I Predict That Element #119 Of The
Periodic Table, Whose Name I Have
Not Yet Decided, Will Be A
Hyper-Reactive & Hyper-Radioactive
Alkali Metal With 8 Electron Shells, A
Half-Life Of WAY Less Than A
Microsecond, & Be The Very First
Element Of Period (row) 8.
================================
ON MAPPING THE MILKY WAY GALAXY:
(2020 CE):
================================
I Have Conceptualized A Possible
Means To Map The Milky Way Into
Easy-To-Comprehend Schematics.
Envisualize The Milky Way Galaxy As
One Giant Cosmic Ellipse, With 5
Notable Concentric Rings From The
Core Outward That Gets Much Denser
As You Go Further Into The Coreward
Zones, & Vice Versa. The Five Primary
Zones (Rings) Are, From Innermost To
Outermost: The Core Zone, The Inner
Zone, The Middle Zone, The Outer
Zone, & Wild Zone; Each Zone Is Less
Dense & Compact With Matter Than The
Last Zone Before, & Vice Versa.
===========================
FA+
